Answer :
DNA strands are separated and ATP hydrolysis is catalyzed by the helicase, preventing the unwinding of the double helix.
What is helicase?
- Nucleic acid or nucleic acid protein complexes can be altered or bound by enzymes referred to as helicases.
- Helicases are present in both DNA and RNA. DNA helicases are essential for DNA replication because they separate double-stranded DNA into single strands, enabling each strand to be copied.
- During DNA replication, DNA helicases unwind DNA at regions known as origins, where synthesis will start. The replication fork is a structure that develops as the DNA helicase unwinds the DNA. It is so called because the two strands of DNA appear to fork as they are unzipped apart.
- The hydrogen bonds that bind the nucleotide base pairs of the double-stranded DNA together must be broken using energy.
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